Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) in Public Sector Governance: A Systematic Review of Global Evidence
Sari
Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) telah menjadi pilar utama dalam mendukung keberlanjutan global. Namun, penerapannya di sektor publik masih belum konsisten akibat kompleksitas kelembagaan, keragaman regulasi, dan keterbatasan kapasitas tata kelola. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan pemahaman menyeluruh tentang perkembangan riset ESG di sektor publik selama satu dekade terakhir.Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan panduan PRISMA 2020, mencakup 42 artikel terindeks Scopus yang diterbitkan pada periode 2015–2025. Analisis dilakukan melalui klasterisasi tematik, klasifikasi teori, dan pemetaan metodologi.Hasil studi mengidentifikasi enam klaster utama: (1) pelaporan keberlanjutan dan nilai publik; (2) kinerja ESG dan tata kelola; (3) ESG dalam kebijakan publik dan SDGs; (4) transformasi digital; (5) peran SDM dan budaya etika; serta (6) ESG di pendidikan tinggi dan lembaga quasi-publik. ESG di sektor publik mengalami pergeseran dari alat transparansi menuju mekanisme penciptaan nilai dan tata kelola berbasis teknologi.Diskusi menunjukkan bahwa faktor pendorong ESG meliputi tekanan regulasi, etika organisasi, dan kesiapan digital, sedangkan hambatan utamanya adalah lemahnya kapasitas institusional dan absennya kerangka pengukuran spesifik.Kebaruan studi ini adalah pemetaan konseptual ESG sektor publik terlengkap dan identifikasi celah riset strategis untuk pengembangan kebijakan dan pengukuran keberlanjutan.
Kata Kunci : ESG,Sektor Publik, SLR PRISMA, Tata Kelola, SDGs, Digital Governance
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37531/yum.v8i3.10712
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